Phenol

Cas:108-95-2
Other Names:

MF:C6H5OH

molecular weight:94.11

Characteristic:Colorless acicular crystal.Slightly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether and chloroform, hardly soluble in petroleum ether.The melting point is 40 ~ 42 ºC.

Function:The major uses of phenol, consuming two thirds of its production, involve its conversion to precursors for plastics. Condensation with acetone gives bisphenol-A, a key precursor to polycarbonates and epoxide resins. Condensation of phenol, alkylphenols, or diphenols with formaldehyde gives phenolic resins, a famous example of which is Bakelite. Partial hydrogenation of phenol gives cyclohexanone, a precursor to nylon. Nonionic detergents are produced by alkylation of phenol to give the alkylphenols, e.g., nonylphenol, which are then subjected to ethoxylation.

Phenol is also a versatile precursor to a large collection of drugs, most notably aspirin but also many herbicides and pharmaceutical drugs. Phenol is also used as an oral anesthetic/analgesic in products such as Chloraseptic or other brand name and generic equivalents, commonly used to temporarily treat pharyngitis.

Phenol is a component in liquid/liquid phenol chloroform extraction technique used in molecular biology for obtainingnucleic acids from tissues or cell culture samples. Depending on the pH of the solution either DNA or RNA can be extracted.

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